Julie

__ Physical Safety __ __ Tremor Proof Architecture __ ﻿ People use technology to advance human safety in architecture and transportation **Julie B.** My topic is tremor proof architecture. I picked my subject because while my parents where building our house I got really interested in architecture and how it is stable. **﻿What different technology is used in different countries for tremor proof architecture?**  > Japan to absorb the shock and to make the vibration of an earthquake smaller and softer.
 * What different technology is used in different countries for tremor proof architecture?
 * Where and why is it important to live in a tremor proof building/house?
 * How do architects decide on which material is best for a tremor proof building
 * [[image:https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/rAOv_c6X-4BGPCSzEc8INDx3RBcaPYvFGy931kPQD42_eOKhc0ZaSorLOOTUVRARARkWJuT724qvyYS-TWpfxOUQUnNTByG9I0B6NUkI6XqH5Pd9NHwh17sm9wj5UfPQ width="214" height="291" align="right" caption="The different layers of a base isolated building."]] Shear walls are lines of heavily braced and reinforced panels that are made out of reinforced concrete or masonry and is used in Chile to resist earthquakes.
 * Re-enforced concrete and masonry are stiff in a horizontal direction, so they can hold the weight. There are a few places that use this such as California and Chile. This is important because less damage in the city and it is most likely that the people living in a house with re-enforced concrete/masonry will survive the earthquake.
 * Base isolated houses (Which is rubber on under the base of the house) is used in [[image:https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/1hSvAfzJVtRYomuTS0HP2RYk6Sc3qVlC1Rc0OgvoVXA2nVLB59MrYyu557YFqAmHtfer69w8IaZcYk5sSS2JdqgksGW12OsfX4-l_byjTbBj4uc1yurEInlOHnl-megm width="220" height="220" align="right" caption="A normal tremor proof building and how it affects the inside of a house."]]
 * Plywood is used in California because it is strong, sturdy and doesn’t break or crack easily. However, it can crack when it is too dry.The plywood has a grain that forms the plywood. This grain runs in different directions making it harder to bend and break during an earthquake.

 ==Where and why is it important to live in a tremor proof building/house? ==
 * Windows have rounded off edges so there is a 50% chance that it won’t break during earthquakes and fall on some one. This is used in California during earthquakes so the glass from the window won’t fall over and severely injure somebody . The window has more space to move around instead of breaking.When a window does not have rounded edges all the pressure from the tremor will cause it to break, since the glass is not attached to the frame.
 * Where: Japan, California, South America, Philippines and Alaska


 * Japan uses a type tremor proof architecture called base isolated house because they have lots of earthquakes and need to protect themselves.

South America also has many tremors. They protect themselves by using the same techniques as California.
 * In California there are lots of earthquakes occurring so it is important to have a house that can resist tremors, such as having a house out of plywood so the house won’t break or crack.


 * Philippines have several tremors each year but have poorly built houses. Because of poorly built houses there is lots of damage made and many lives lost or hurt people.

== How do architects decide on which material is best for a tremor proof building? ==
 * The choice and design of what material to use for a tremor proof house have a huge impact on the building’s tremor safety.


 * Houses that are less rigidity as well as flexible allows more tremor resistance.


 * Tremor resistance of a building is very dependent on the connections joining of: walls, beams, and floor stabs so it will not collapse.


 * Architects don’t really choose the materials to be used for a tremor proof building the person who chooses it is an civil engineer.

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 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 19px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The construction has to be built following a number of official guidelines for example if the land is in a high risk of tremors than houses on that land must follow guidelines regarding heights, rigidity/stiffness. In some cases materials not strong enough such as bricks is not allowed.